CpG site - Wikipedia
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction. CpG sites occur with high frequency in genomic regions called CpG islands. Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosines.
DNA Methylation and Its Basic Function
2012年7月11日 · In the mammalian genome, DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involving the transfer of a methyl group onto the C5 position of the cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine. DNA methylation...
The correlation between CpG methylation and gene expression is …
2024年7月24日 · Gene promoter and enhancer sequences are bound by transcription factors and are depleted of methylated CpG sites (cytosines preceding guanines in DNA). The absence of methylated CpGs in these...
CpG and Non-CpG Methylation in Epigenetic Gene Regulation …
DNA methylation is a major epigenetic mark with important roles in genetic regulation. Methylated cytosines are found primarily at CpG dinucleotides, but are also found at non-CpG sites (CpA, CpT, and CpC). The general functions of CpG and non-CpG methylation include gene silencing or activation depending on the methylated regions.
Systematic benchmarking of tools for CpG methylation detection …
2021年6月8日 · Of more than 17 possible DNA modifications, the methylation of cytosines at CG di-nucleotides (CpG), involving the addition of a methyl group (−CH 3) to the 5th carbon of the cytosine ring to...
DNA Methylation: Genomewide Distribution, Regulatory …
DNA methylation is the most important epigenetic modification involved in the regulation of transcription, imprinting, establishment of X-inactivation, and the formation of a chromatin structure. DNA methylation in the genome is often associated with transcriptional repression and the formation of closed heterochromatin.
DNA methylation: shared and divergent features across eukaryotes
Sometimes referred to simply as DNA methylation, in eukaryotes, 5mC is most prevalent at CpG dinucleotides and is frequently associated with transcriptional repression of transposable elements.
DNA methylation and methyl-CpG binding proteins: …
2009年6月9日 · DNA methylation is a covalent modification of DNA catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase enzymes (DNMTs). In vertebrate genomes, the addition of a methyl group occurs exclusively on the cytosine within CG dinucleotides (referred to as CpG), with 60–90% of all the CpGs methylated in mammals (Bird 1986).
Epigenetics: An overview of CpG methylation, chromatin remodeling, and ...
2020年1月1日 · Epigenetic mechanisms are responsive to intrinsic and environmental stimuli and collectively modify chromatin architecture and/or gene expression processing machinery, contributing to the regulation of gene expression without altering the …
In Vivo Control of CpG and Non-CpG DNA Methylation by DNA …
2012年6月28日 · The establishment and maintenance of methylation patterns at palindromic CpG sequences (CpG dyads) is performed by three catalytically active DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts). In vitro experiments suggest that Dnmt1 prefers hemimethylated CpG (hemi-mCpG) dyads and maintains the methylation pattern on the newly synthesized strand after replication ...