The two leaders held their first formal meeting in five years in Kazan, Russia, on the sidelines of the Brics summit after their nations reached an understanding over how to manage patrols along parts of their de facto border.

A meeting between the two leaders comes just two days after they settled a tense border dispute in the Himalayas. But experts said their long-term geopolitical rivalry would persist.

India announced on Monday that it reached agreement with China on the resumption of military patrols along their disputed border in the Himalayas.