Even if the tree is not culled ... didn't account for how climate and genetics interact to alter a pine's risk for disease. So researchers found a way to include these factors in their models.

WPBR needs to infect both a currant or gooseberry plant and a white pine to complete its life cycle. Diseased pine branches should be pruned out of the tree before the infection comes within 4 inches ...

Galls cause poor branch growth, death of branches or death of young pine trees. Well established trees may be disfigured but overall health is not affected. These two diseases cannot be separated ...

White pine blister rust is the most serious disease of white pine in Maine. Its most commonly observed symptom is the presence of cankered (dead and sunken) areas on tree trunks and branches. Pitch ...