The major advantage in using a wavelength modulating technique over amplitude modulation is the immunity of the system components to attenuation in the fibres or connectors. One of the most widely ...

long-wavelength VCSELs with single-mode output above 2 mW in the temperature range 20–80 °C and 10 Gb s −1 modulation were demonstrated. In 2001 a new start-up company, BeamExpress ...

Focusing on the principle applications of SLAs, this book illustrates the growing importance of these functional components in the future of optical communications systems.

Hydrogen gas is a promising energy source with several advantages—it is lightweight, storable, energy-dense, and ...

and achieved independent modulation of the intensity and phase of THG, enabling the metasurface to control not only the ...