The major advantage in using a wavelength modulating technique over amplitude modulation is the immunity of the system components to attenuation in the fibres or connectors. One of the most widely ...

long-wavelength VCSELs with single-mode output above 2 mW in the temperature range 20–80 °C and 10 Gb s −1 modulation were demonstrated. In 2001 a new start-up company, BeamExpress ...

Focusing on the principle applications of SLAs, this book illustrates the growing importance of these functional components in the future of optical communications systems.

and achieved independent modulation of the intensity and phase of THG, enabling the metasurface to control not only the ...